WHAT IS IT
Epilepsy is not a specific disease but rather a group of signs and symptoms that manifest themselves by overstimulating nerve cells of the brain. Similar to a short circuit it can leave your pet dazed and confused with a loss of consciousness depending on the type of seizure experienced. WHO DOES IT AFFECT
All dogs and cats can be affected but some pets such as German shepherds, Cocker spaniels and Irish setters can have inherited epilepsy. Sometimes females that are not spayed may show cluster seizures during heat that may be corrected with ovariohysterectomy. DIAGNOSIS
Most important is the physical exam. Here a complete neurologic exam is performed and we try and differentiate whether we have an active brain ( neurologic ) disease or a case of idiopathic epilepsy. Laboratory studies of blood and urine should be performed along with radiographs and sometimes electroencephalograms( EEG ) and CAT scans. The differential diagnosis of seizures in dogs and cats is important being that there exist a myriad of diseases that affect certain breeds only with some pets being more prone at different ages. TREATMENT
There are a few protocols for the treatment of seizures and most center on stopping or reducing the frequency of the seizures. Typical CONVENTIONAL treatments may include phenobarbital,primidone, potassium bromide and other anticonvulsants such as clonazepam and valproic acid for uncontrolled seizures in dogs. These treatments sometimes have untoward side effects such as obesity, liver damage, vomiting, sedation and disorientation There are COMPLIMENTARY treatments that exist such as ACUPUNCTURE ( GOLD BEAD IMPLANTS) , Herbal therapy, Chiropractic and Homeopathy which can be used as an adjunct to conventional therapies and sometimes when these fail as the sole source of control for seizures. Here it is important to note that these protocols when used should be done solely under the guidance of a Veterinarian with extensive formal training in these modalities. Regardless of the modality used it is important to note that one of the important key notes in seizure treatments is DIET. Neutraceutical and dietary supplements such as folic acid, zinc, and magnesium to name a few may be added to the diet. In the literature it has been reported that epilepsy in certain animals may be due to food allergy so it may also be prudent to start a hypoallergenic diet either commercial or homemade but once again always under the supervision of your veterinarian. OUTCOME
The aim here is for our pets to try and lead a normal life with as little complication as possible. Proper communication between all parties is vital and most important is trying to regain the life balance that your pet had in as natural a way as possible. -Robert Ferran DVM
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